The pyramid of Saqqara the oldest stone building known. And the first royal tomb in history. Built between 2737 - 2717 BC. M. Is located in Saqqara. South of Giza at a distance of a mile from the cliff Saqqara. was originally designed for the burial of Pharaoh Djoser by the Minister Amahotb in the form of six terraces above the tunnel descends to the burial site. Pyramid over six changes in the scheme before the completion of its present form.
This pyramid is the first building known memorial is made of stone in any place in the world. As is clear from its name, it is a series of six levels of stone decreasing in size until it reaches to a height 62 meters (200 feet). And a rectangular base, measuring 390-350 feet. Until that time, the terrace is the main form of tomb engineering and architecture. The pyramid the runway was originally started as a terrace, and was probably the original vision that not be the a pyramid. As to be a series of terraces, decreasing in size, and accumulation of the one at the top of the other.
Exterior :
Most of the outer shell of the pyramid disappeared. At some points, Sections of the main building also disappeared. It is clear that there were different stages of construction. The best form of the pyramid appears from the east side.
After the end of the construction of the third stage, the process began to make it a real pyramid. More than 200,000 tons of stone used to build 2 additional terraces and placed above the four, made a pyramid with six degrees. And then. Face of the white limestone Has been added. On the north side of the pyramid remain a few blocks from cover.
The internal structure :
The king's burial chamber built of granite. During the exploration period of 1924-1926, was found a statue Djoser in the burial chamber. The statue was distorted, but it is coherent, and is now displayed in the Cairo Museum.
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